Active to Passive Voice
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Converting sentences from active to passive voice involves changing the focus from the subject performing the action to the object receiving the action.
Conversion in Different Tenses#
Steps to convert active voice to passive voice.
Identify the Subject, Verb, and Object.
Move the Object to the Subject Position.
Use the Appropriate Form of Auxiliary Verb.
Change the Main Verb to Its Past Participle Form.
Add the Original Subject at the End.
Auxiliary Verbs Conversion from Active to Passive Voice
Tense
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Present Simple
do, does
am, is, are
Present Continuous
am, is, are
am, is, are + being
Present Perfect
has, have
has, have + been
Past Simple
did
was, were
Past Continuous
was, were
was, were + being
Past Perfect
had
had + been
Future Simple
will
will + be
Future Perfect
will have
will have + been
Present Simple#
Present Simple Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + base verb + object
Passive
Object + am/is/are + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + do/does + not + base verb + object
Passive
Object + am/is/are + not + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Do/does + subject + base verb + object?
Passive
Is/am/are + object + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef cooks the meal.
Passive: The meal is cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef does not cook the meal.
Passive: The meal is not cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Does the chef cook the meal?
Passive: Is the meal cooked by the chef?
Present Continuous#
Present Continuous Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + am/is/are + base verb + ing + object
Passive
Object + am/is/are + being + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + am/is/are + not + base verb + ing + object
Passive
Object + am/is/are + not + being + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Am/is/are + subject + base verb + ing + object?
Passive
Am/is/are + object + being + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef is cooking the meal.
Passive: The meal is being cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef is not cooking the meal.
Passive: The meal is not being cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Is the chef cooking the meal?
Passive: Is the meal being cooked by the chef?
Present Perfect#
Present Perfect Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + has/have + past participle + object
Passive
Object + has/have + been + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + has/have + not + past participle + object
Passive
Object + has/have + not + been + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Has/have + subject + past participle + object?
Passive
Has/have + object + been + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef has cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal has been cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef has not cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal has not been cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Has the chef cooked the meal?
Passive: Has the meal been cooked by the chef?
Past Simple#
Past Simple Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + past verb + object
Passive
Object + was/were + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + did not + base verb + object
Passive
Object + was/were + not + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Did + subject + base verb + object?
Passive
Was/were + object + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal was cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef did not cook the meal.
Passive: The meal was not cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Did the chef cook the meal?
Passive: Was the meal cooked by the chef?
Past Continuous#
Past Continuous Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + was/were + base verb + ing + object
Passive
Object + was/were + being + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + was/were + not + base verb + ing + object
Passive
Object + was/were + not + being + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Was/were + subject + base verb + ing + object?
Passive
Was/were + object + being + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef was cooking the meal.
Passive: The meal was being cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef was not cooking the meal.
Passive: The meal was not being cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Was the chef cooking the meal?
Passive: Was the meal being cooked by the chef?
Past Perfect#
Past Perfect Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + had + past participle + object
Passive
Object + had + been + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + had + not + past participle + object
Passive
Object + had + not + been + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Had + subject + past participle + object?
Passive
Had + object + been + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef had cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal had been cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef had not cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal had not been cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Had the chef cooked the meal?
Passive: Had the meal been cooked by the chef?
Future Simple#
Future Simple Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + will + base verb + object
Passive
Object + will be + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + will not + base verb + object
Passive
Object + will not be + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Will + subject + base verb + object?
Passive
Will + object + be + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef will cook the meal.
Passive: The meal will be cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef will not cook the meal.
Passive: The meal will not be cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Will the chef cook the meal?
Passive: Will the meal be cooked by the chef?
Future Perfect#
Future Perfect Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + will have + past participle + object
Passive
Object + will have + been + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + will not have + past participle + object
Passive
Object + will not have + been + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Will + subject + have + past participle + object?
Passive
Will + object + have + been + past participle + by + subject?
Example:#
Affirmative:
Active: The chef will have cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal will have been cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef will not have cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal will not have been cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Will the chef have cooked the meal?
Passive: Will the meal have been cooked by the chef?
Modal Verbs#
Modal Verbs Conversion from Active to Passive Voice
Form
Voice
Structure
Affirmative
Active
Subject + modal verb + base verb + object
Passive
Object + modal verb + be + past participle + by + subject
Negative
Active
Subject + modal verb + not + base verb + object
Passive
Object + modal verb + not + be + past participle + by + subject
Interrogative
Active
Modal verb + subject + base verb + object?
Passive
Modal verb + object + be + past participle + by + subject?
Example:
Affirmative:
Active: The chef can cook the meal.
Passive: The meal can be cooked by the chef.
Negative:
Active: The chef cannot cook the meal.
Passive: The meal cannot be cooked by the chef.
Interrogative:
Active: Can the chef cook the meal?
Passive: Can the meal be cooked by the chef?